In Africa, an island of democracy asks: Where is US help?

Cthippo · 20 Jul 2007

The Christian Science Monitor said:

Hargeisa, Somaliland - Under the Bush administration's theory of creating regional stability by supporting islands of democracy, leaders in Somaliland say it should be a shoo-in for official recognition as Africa's newest nation state.

Instead, this breakaway republic, which declared independence from Somalia in 1991, is marooned in diplomatic limbo. Having not yet achieved statehood, it is without access to formal trade agreements or international financial institutions such as the World Bank.

"The international community has abandoned us," says Hussein Ali Nur, editor of the weekly English-language Republican newspaper published here in Somaliland's capital, Hargeisa. "America talks about supporting democracy, but everything is distorted by the fight against terrorism. Our success is overshadowed by [US] strategic interests in Somalia."

During the last 16 years, as Somalia has torn itself apart, Somaliland's leaders have disbanded a guerrilla movement, drafted a constitution, and held multiparty elections.

Development consultant Mark Bradbury, who monitored parliamentary elections in 2005, says the republic performs as well as, if not better than, other countries in the region, such as Ethiopia and Eritrea, on public participation in the democratic process and freedom of speech. Said Noor, the foreign minister, goes one step further: "We have created a modern, African parliamentary system. It's a model for the region."

The house of representatives is directly elected and the upper house, the house of guurti, is composed of clan elders. Both houses are based on ethnic power-sharing quotas. Bradbury says the arrangement has helped to foster stability by accommodating traditional social structures.

While Somalia is fractured by tension between numerous clans, Somaliland is more homogenous – dominated by one single clan, the Isaq. This social cohesion has played a large part in defining Somaliland's sense of identity and promoting the notion of a separate future.

But not one country has endorsed its claims of sovereignty.

Political scientist Roland Marchal at the Center for International Studies and Research in Paris says the US – and the rest of the international community – may well support Somaliland to achieve independence in the long run, but "timing is everything. What's to be achieved by recognizing a breakaway region in the middle of a bloody and protracted civil war?"

For now, the US State Department seems content to follow the lead of the African Union, which says it's focused on resuscitating failed states such as Somalia – not breakaway republics.

Some African analysts believe Somaliland's independence could form part of a future peace deal within a solution for the whole of Somalia – but fulfilling Somaliland's ambition prematurely could undermine Somalia's fragile Transitional Federal government (TFG), still fighting to establish control over the capital, Mogadishu.

A former British protectorate, Somaliland achieved independence in 1960, but quickly joined with former Italian territories to form Somalia. "We jumped too soon," says Mr. Noor. "It was a mistake."

Key posts in the new unity government went to southerners from Mogadishu, and Somalilanders rapidly felt excluded. Their mounting resentment gave birth to a rebel movement that Somalia's dictator, Said Barré, attempted to crush. His bombing raids of the main urban centers in 1998 killed 50,000 people and left Hargeisa in ruins.

Mr. Barré was ousted in 1991, starting the civil war in Somalia that is still raging – but Somalia's implosion was Somaliland's moment of opportunity. Now its population of 3 million Sunni Muslims wants nothing more to do with rule from Mogadishu.

Noor, a former guerrilla, says that memories of Barré's repression are still so bitter that "any political leaders who agreed to reunification would be killed one by one by our own people."

Bradbury thinks foreign diplomats could learn a lot from Somaliland's experience of reconciliation and reconstruction. He notes that Somaliland "has made huge strides with minimal outside interference, and that hasn't been allowed to happen in Somalia."

While the international community maintains a close interest in Mogadishu's future, Bradbury is concerned that Somaliland is not strategically important enough for foreign governments to invest the time and resources required in recognizing and sustaining independence. "Paradoxically," he says, "that may have contributed to its achievements to date."
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http://news.yahoo.com/s/csm/20070719/wl_csm/osomaliland;_ylt=AvLX8p8rjvjQVioRYClvqsDMWM0F

THis is what happens to naescent democracies that don't have oil

Arthur2Sheds · 20 Jul 2007

Oh, it wouldn't matter anyway. If the U.S. helped at all, it would be guilty of spreading its 'imperialism', oil or no oil. We've screwed up so much lately it doesn't matter what we do, it's wrong. Cause and effect of shooting one's self in the foot, huh?

cpemma · 20 Jul 2007

...its population of 3 million Sunni Muslims
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It's the 'I'-word. America (and most of the neighbouring African countries) is backing the anti-Islamic side in Somalia. Last thing they're going to support is an Islamic state in the north-west, however many elections they have.

Bungle · 20 Jul 2007

TBH this is best addressed at a UN level. The USA has got enough on it's plate with the middle East conflict.

Hells_Bliss · 20 Jul 2007

Kinda sad when you have to have a patron state just to be recognized, gone are the days when you could just say. "Here I am, Deal with it."

Nexxo · 20 Jul 2007

I think Palestine tried that one...

fri2219 · 20 Jul 2007

Why is it the US' responsibility?

If people would put the same amount of effort into fixing their problems they put into blaming others, they'd be a lot better off.

cpemma · 20 Jul 2007

fri2219 said: ↑

Why is it the US' responsibility?
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It isn't. But it rather exposes the US hypocrisy, only promoting Democracy™ when the election result suits. Iraq good, Palestine bad.

Whatever happened to "the will of the people"?

Nexxo · 21 Jul 2007

fri2219 said: ↑

If people would put the same amount of effort into fixing their problems they put into blaming others, they'd be a lot better off.
Click to expand...

But isn't that what the US does too?

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In Africa, an island of democracy asks: Where is US help?

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In Africa, an island of democracy asks: Where is US help?

Cthippo Can't mod my way out of a paper bag

Arthur2Sheds Jackson

cpemma Ecky thump

Bungle Rainbow Warrior

Hells_Bliss What's a Dremel?

Nexxo * Prefab Sprout – The King of Rock 'n' Roll

fri2219 What's a Dremel?

cpemma Ecky thump

Nexxo * Prefab Sprout – The King of Rock 'n' Roll

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